There was again a rising of the Philistines in 711 ( Isa. 17:3–6), was concluded by Sargon (722–705), a valiant prince, who smote the Egyptians at Raphia (720) and maintained and extended his borders on all sides. The siege of Samaria, begun by Shalmaneser ( 2 Kgs. 17:4) had made himself lord of all Egypt and had begun to foment a revolt in which Syria was involved, together with Philistia and Samaria, and that occupied the whole reign of Shalmaneser Ⅴ (727–722) and the first years of his successor. But when Tiglath-pileser died, the Ethiopian So or Sebech ( 2 Kgs. There was now no independent state between Assyria and Egypt, and Egypt had no power to check the progress of the victor. 15:29), and the acceptance of Assyrian suzerainty by Judah. 15:19) in 734 these powers revolted and the result of a fresh war was the destruction of Damascus, the depopulation of Gilead and Naphtali ( 2 Kgs. In 738 he took tribute from Damascus and Samaria ( 2 Kgs. he defeated a great confederation of Syrian states with Damascus at its head, and in 842 he took tribute from Jehu, king of Israel, but no sustained attempt to incorporate Syria in the empire was made till the reign of Tiglath-pileser Ⅲ (745–727). The great conqueror Assurnazirpal (884–860) consolidated his kingdom throughout the country of the Two Rivers to the borders of Babylonia and took tribute from the western princes as far as Phoenicia, while his successor Shalmaneser Ⅲ made many wars beyond the Euphrates.
the great conqueror Tiglath-pileser Ⅰ crossed the Euphrates and penetrated as far as the Phoenician coast but these conquests were not permanent, and a period of deep decline followed the monuments are silent for more than a century, and when they speak again about the close of the 10th century we find Assyria engaged in reestablishing its lost sovereignty in Mesopotamia. In the latter part of the 12th century B.C. In process of time Assyria became the stronger power and began to push forth beyond its original limits. Their language was Semitic, but in the southern country the Semites seem to have been preceded by another race from whom they acquired many things in their culture and religion, and to whom the origin of their peculiar cuneiform system of writing is generally ascribed. Babylon and Nineveh were long rivals, but they had a common civilization of which the southern alluvium was the original home. Its center lay on the left bank of the Tigris, where the great city of Nineveh stood, opposite Mosul. Assyria, or Asshur, occupied the Tigris valley to the north of Babylonia. 10:10) is the alluvial country on the lower course of the Euphrates and Tigris, of which Babel or Babylon was the chief city. We learn their history partly from the Bible narrative and also from contemporary monuments written in cuneiform characters and recently deciphered.īabylonia or Shinar ( Gen. The two great Eastern empires before which all the old states of Syria and Palestine fell.
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